Bone Joint J. 2016 Jan;98-B(1 Suppl A):6-9. doi: 10.1302/0301-620X.98B.36350.
Bone grafts and their substitutes.
Fillingham Y1, Jacobs J1.
Abstract
The continual cycle of bone formation and resorption is carried out by osteoblasts, osteocytes, and osteoclasts under the direction of the bone-signaling pathway. In certain situations the host cycle of bone repair is insufficient and requires the assistance of bone grafts and their substitutes. The fundamental properties of a bone graft are osteoconduction, osteoinduction, osteogenesis, and structural support. Options for bone grafting include autogenous and allograft bone and the various isolated or combined substitutes of calcium sulphate, calcium phosphate, tricalcium phosphate, and coralline hydroxyapatite. Not all bone
grafts will have the same properties. As a result, understanding the
requirements of the clinical situation and specific properties of the
various types of bone grafts is necessary to identify the ideal graft. We present a review of the bone repair process and properties of bone grafts and their substitutes to help guide the clinician in the decision making process.
©2016 The British Editorial Society of Bone & Joint Surgery.
KEYWORDS:
Allograft; Autogenous graft; Bone graft; Bone graft substitutes; Osteoconduction; Osteogenesis; Osteoinduction- PMID:
- 26733632
- DOI:
- 10.1302/0301-620X.98B.36350
- [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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